Report About Safety
Hi. Assalamualaikum to all mu beloved readers.Today i want write report about safety.Actually this is my second assignment that i’ve finished. I’ve choosed school safety.
School Definition
A school is an educational institution designed to provide learning spaces and learning environments for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers. Most countries have systems of formal education, which is commonly compulsory. In these systems, students progress through a series of schools.
Schools are critical infrastructure entrusted with the responsibility of creating citizens of tomorrow. A safe and secure environment is a prerequisite for effective teaching and learning. Thus ensuring safety of children, teachers and staff members during disasters is necessary. It becomes of utmost importance that safety of children is given due consideration, thus making schools safe also serves the purpose of their dual use as evacuation centres during emergencies.
Building safe schools should be a priority for architects, engineers, policy makers, administrators and emergency response planners. Among all public facilities, children in schools are the most vulnerable during disasters. A large number of schools operate in congested urban centres and are exposed to various hazards. School safety includes within its ambit structural safety of the buildings per se and non-structural measures like awareness generation, ensuring communication, school preparedness plans, capacity building of students and teachers, rehearsals and mock drills etc. Building safe schools will not only ensure safety of children in disasters, but will also promote faster rehabilitation post disaster.
What is school safety
School Safety" has been defined as creating safe environment for children, starting from their homes to their schools and back. This includes safety from any kind of abuse, violence, psycho-social issue, disaster: natural and manmade, fire, transportation. Emotional safety is especially important because it is often difficult for teachers and parent s to detect emotional problems and difficulties in children. Bullying can cause victimized students to suffer from lower self-esteem and daily stress about their well-being.
School Hazard
The following guidelines deal with physical hazards that may be found in offices and classrooms. Areas of concern include walking surfaces, electrical hazards, fire prevention, shelving and cabinets, storage areas, and furnishings. Operational deficiencies are hazards that arise from dangerous work practices (e.g.,overloaded shelves, blocked exits, damaged electrical
cords, etc.). Facility deficiencies deal with problems that fall under the purview of the campus Facilties Office, such as loose floor tiles or broken classroom furniture.
Walking Surfaces
Floors should be even, dry, and clear of any materials that are low to the ground and constitute a tripping hazard*. (*Look for loose wires lying on the floor, short stacks of papers or other small pieces of equipment sitting on the floor.) Floor mats should be provided at building entrances to reduce the risk of slipping on water, snow, or mud carried in on occupants' shoes. Rugs or carpets should be secure.
Electrical Hazards
Electrical outlets should be in good repair and circuits not overloaded. (Report any switch or outlet that feels warm to the touch during use to the campus Facilities Office.) Equipment power cords and plugs should be in good condition, with no exposed wires, splices or broken insulation. Multiple outlet strips should be equipped with overload protection. Extension cords, if used, should be in good condition and grounded (i.e., 3-wire type). They should be no longer than necessary and should not be run under carpets or rugs, through doorways, or in other traffic areas. These measures will prevent shock and fire hazards that are associated with the use of damaged or overloaded electrical supply lines.
Fire Prevention , Emergency Exits
Fire extinguishers should bear a current inspection sticker and be appropriate
for the kind of fire that might occur in the space. (Note: An ABC-type
extinguisher can be used on any fire.) Fire doors should be closed, but unlocked. Likewise, exits should be clearly marked, unlocked during normal business hours or special events, and not obstructed by equipment or furnishings. Primary users of the room should be trained in emergency procedures and designated escape routes. Finally, do not allow excess paper, boxes, or trash to accumulate and do not store combustible materials close to light fixtures or other equipment that generates heat. Note: Electric space heaters may be used only with the approval of the campus Facilities Office.
Shelving, Bookcases, and Cabinets
Improperly stored office materials can lead to objects falling on occupants, poor visibility, and create a fire hazard. First check that all shelving, bookcases and cabinets are in good repair and strong enough to support the intended load. If necessary, consult with Facilities personnel about the suitability of wall-mounted shelves and other built-ins for planned usage. Freestanding bookcases and cabinets may require anchoring to prevent tipping, depending on what is being stored in them.
When loading shelves and cabinets, place heavy objects on lower shelves and neatly arrange materials in such a way that they will not slide or fall off. Use boxes and cartons that are uniform in size for items that are stacked on top of each other. Keep file cabinet drawers closed when not in use and only open one drawer at a time.
Material Storage Areas
In addition to the shelving issues raised above, check for other factors that increase the risk of accidents or fire in office storage areas. For instance, aisles and corridors should be clear and at least 22" wide. Adequate lighting (including emergency lighting) is essential. Ladders or step stools should be available, if needed, and in good condition. (See the Safety Program Guide "Portable Ladder Safety" for more information on the care and use of portable ladders.) Nothing may be stored within 18" of sprinkler heads (or 24" of the ceiling where no sprinkler system exits). There also must be unobstructed access to electrical panels, fire exits, and fire-fighting equipment.
Furnishings
In classrooms, check desks and chairs for broken parts, splintering, sharp edges, and the like. If they are bolted to the floor, make sure they remain firmly attached.
In offices, task chairs should be adjustable in order to prevent back strain and repetitive strain injuries. (See links to related articles below.) Verify that offices have the proper equipment for carrying out routine tasks. For instance, are appropriate step stools or ladders available to reach items stored on high shelves? Check the overall layout of furniture and equipment. Are office machines placed away from doors or high traffic areas and where they will have adequate ventilation? Is there sufficient storage capacity so that the work areas remain uncluttered?
15 safety rules every school should implement
1. Walk, do not run in the hall or stairways
Members of the school community should endeavor to walk rather than run while using the stairways, corridors and classrooms. Whatever you are rushing for should not cause you or others some injury. In the process of running, you may fall, collide with someone else or get yourself or someone else injured.
2. Don’t push people while walking
There may be this tendency to push or shove aside someone walking slowly before you. Be careful not to do so. The other person may lose balance when you push them and get injured. Such an act may even lead to a fight between you two. If you have to move slowly, be careful not to impede other people’s movement when doing so.
3. Keep to the right in corridors and on stairways
Students and staff should be encouraged to preferably keep to the right while walking on the corridors or stairways within the school building structure. By walking on the right, the individual is able avoid possible head on collision with others coming from the opposite direction.
4. Use each step going up and down stairs
The stairways shouldn’t be turned into playing grounds where people jump. A student fond of jumping the stairs should be warned against such in order to prevent accidents. They may possibly slip in the process and have some accident.
5. Be ready to grab the handrail if you slip
In the event that one slips on the stairs, the person should be walking close to the handrail to be able to maintain balance and prevent the possibility of slipping. This also means that the handrail is an essential part of the staircase and walkway that the school management must ensure is safe for use.
6. Keep classroom aisles clear
Movement within the classroom or cloakroom shouldn’t be hindered at any time. So, every material that could be injurious to the next person should not be found there. Seat should be orderly arranged. Keep clothing materials, lab equipment, umbrellas and other things out of the way.
7. Don’t keep your feet along aisles
While sitting in the classroom, you shouldn’t keep your feet along the aisles at any time. Students should be taught that as they unconsciously keep their feet along the aisles, someone may just slip and get injured. This should equally apply to passage rows and entrances.
8. Put away materials not in use
Once you are not using some materials in any part of the school environment, keep them away. For the safety of all, every item not in use and not kept where it should be could be injurious to the owner or others. If you have a school laboratory where certain liquid and gas are in use or a farm where students use cutlasses and hoe, keep such things away from where they are likely to be injurious to others when not in use.
9. Don’t use equipment without authorisation
Every student should be warned against using equipment without authorisation. It should only with the permission of the teacher or instructor that experiments with chemicals in the laboratory are carried out by students. You should only use the equipment if you have the competence about its usage.
10. Don’t go to unauthorised places
Certain locations within the school may be meant for authorized personnel only. Perhaps, there is an alternative electricity facility or heavy equipment vault within the school premises. No student or teacher should be found in such places.
11. Protect objects used
There would be times when you need to use certain objects in school. Use them with care. Carry pens, pencils and other sharp objects down and be protected. Moving around with a sharp object could be injurious where care is not taken.
12. Wear safety equipment
The use of safety equipment is necessary for the user’s safety. Appropriateness of safety equipment is depending on what the individual is doing and where it is. In the laboratory, for example, students and teachers would need protective clothing, helmets, goggles or other garments dedicated to protect persons from injury or infection.
13. Report damaged equipment to the authority
Encourage students and staff members to conscious of reporting cases of damaged equipment. Broken seats, desks and other damaged equipment could be injurious to people. So, they should be taken away for repairs when they are damaged.
14. Use the emergency exits
Students and staff members should be prepared in case of emergencies. The school manager should ensure that there is provision for emergency exit and fire escapes within the school structure. Possibly, narrow paths should be widened to ensure easier passage for all. The designated emergency exit points should be clearly marked too. A few moments of drills on using this would make students and staff members prepared in case of emergency.
15. Abide by school rules of proper conduct
Every school manager would have a set of rules of proper conduct designed. At times, some safety threats may emanate from the conduct of students or teachers towards one another. An expensive joke may be too expensive to wish away. This may lead to fight among different parties and threaten people’s safety. Disciplining fighting parties based on the school rules and regulations would definitely serve as a deterrent to others. Thus, no room should be given to rule breakers. Their disregard for rules may put other members of the school community in danger.
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